Droneswarm saturation of taskforce defenses while multiple non-exotic antiship missiles converge upon it is the how a US carrier is likely to get hit in confined waters.
Hypersonics (like Russia’s Kinzhal, Zircon) require far more conspicuous infrastructure including air and ground-based launch platforms than common antiship missiles. Iran, Russia, and China are not so reckless as to do that.
Neither are large warheads necessary to induce a shocking US carrier disaster, because these capital ships are stuffed with fuel, explosives and 2 reactors.