An estimated 100,000 German Jewish military personnel served in the German Army during World War I, of whom 12,000 were killed in action. The Iron Cross was awarded to 18,000 German Jews during the war. While strong attempts were made during the Nazi era to suppress the Jewish contribution and even to blame them for Germany’s defeat, the German Jews who served in the German Army have found recognition and renewed interest in German publications. German Source: “Deutsche jüdische Soldaten” [German Jewish soldiers]. Volksbund Deutsche Kriegsgräberfürsorge. Retrieved 25 February 2016